The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.
